Auschwitz Birkenau,Extermination Camp, Poland

The largest Nazi camp complex, in annexed Polish Upper Silesia — a concentration camp and, at Birkenau, an extermination centre where roughly 1.1 million people, the great majority Jews, were murdered between 1942 and 1945. This is where the Zagłębie side of the family was destroyed. At least a dozen Estrajcher, Szternberg, Krakauer and related relatives were killed here in 1942–44 — including Tila Estrajcher, Natan Estrajcher, Rachmiel Estrajcher, Shmuel Tsvi Estrajcher, Jakov Jozef Estrajcher and his wife Malka Szternberg, Wolf Gersz Szternberg, Frajda Jochweta and Nacha Rajzla Krakauer, Estera Laja Ernst, Rachel Mitelis, Israel Gross, and Balima Schmidt (deported from Drancy in December 1943). Josef Baruch Mandelbaum was registered here in February 1942 and later moved to Buchenwald.